The paper presents the results of the research into the impact of impregnation of wood on
its bending strength and elastic modulus under normal conditions and after thermal treatment and
investigates its structural reliability. Pinewood, non-impregnated and pressure impregnated with
a solution with SiO2 nanoparticles, was used in this research. The use of nanoparticles decreases
the flammability of timber among others. Some of the tested samples were treated at 250 C.
This temperature corresponds to the boundary of the self-ignition of wood. This elevated temperature
was assumed to be reached by a given speed of heating within 10 min, and then the samples were
stored in these conditions for 10 and 20 min. The tests demonstrate that the bending strength of the
impregnated wood was slightly improved, the impregnation did not impact the elastic modulus of
the material in all such conditions, and the residual strength decreased less for the wood impregnated
after being exposed to the elevated temperatures. The reliability analysis proves a positive eect
of impregnation with a solution with SiO2 on the durability of wood, both after being exposed to
normal and elevated temperatures. The distribution of the failure rates indicates a more intensive
degradation of non-impregnated wood. The distribution of the survival function demonstrates a
more probable non-destruction of impregnated wood after elevated temperature conditions.