The study aimed to analyze the reproductive value of sows in relation to their length of use. The study covered the lifetime productivity of 289 sows of the Puławska breed used in 2016–2021 in five farms located in the Lublin region. The program covered the sows for the protection of genetic resources of the Puławska pigs breed. The longevity of the sows was assessed on the basis of the average number of litters obtained during their use. The prolificacy and fertility of sows, the length of the farrowing interval, and the frequency of farrowing were used to estimate sows’ use value in subsequent litters. The obtained results showed that the sows’ longer period of reproductive use contributed to their higher life productivity, as the number of born alive and reared piglets increased to the 6th litter and then remained at a relatively high level. This proves the validity of using the longevity index in breeding and farming Puławska breed pigs.