Assessing vitamins and minerals intake is important, because it plays a key role in taking the right actions to improve people’s health. The purpose of this study was to analyse the average intake of vitamins and minerals in the Polish population on the basis of consumption data from the years 2009–2021. The data on the consumption of specific food products were taken from the Polish Central Statistical Office and many branch reports. A Pole’s diet provides a sufficient amount of riboflavin, thiamine, niacin, vitamins B6, B12, and A for both women and man. However, there are some deficiencies, and some of the norms are not fully covered, like in the case of vitamin C (64% for men and 74% for women), folates (74%), vitamin D (30%). The study also considers nutrients that have not been evaluated for several years as to how much of them the Poles consume on average (for example, vitamin K). Vitamin K intake meets the norms of consumption. Excessive, but not harmful intake has been found for vitamin A. As for minerals, a Pole’s diet provides sufficient magnesium, zinc, manganese, and iron (for men). However, there are some deficiencies, and the norms are covered but partly, like in the case of potassium, calcium (57%), iron (71% for premenopausal women), copper (66% for men). Another nutrient the average consumption of which has not been analysed for several years is selenium. It has been found that selenium covers the needs excessively, but not in a harmful way. Excessive intake has been found for sodium too. In conclusion, it has been established that an average Polish adult intakes riboflavin, thiamine, niacin, vitamins B6, B12, A, and K in accordance with the standards recommended by EFSA. However, the diet provides insufficient amounts of folates, vitamins C, D, and E, though it is rich in vitamin A. As for minerals in an average Pole’ diet, the intake of magnesium by women, iron by men, zinc and manganese by all adults meets the standards recommended by EFSA. However, the diet is too low in calcium, copper, and iron (for premenopausal women), though it is rich in sodium. The intake of selenium has increased to a sufficient level, as compared with previous years.