Tuberculosis (TB), is a chronic, zoonotic disease, that can affect humans as well as farm animals, companion animals and wildlife. In accordance with the law and the volition of the owners, tuberculosis can be treated in animal species other than cattle. Treatment of tuberculosis in species other than cattle most often refers to zoo species and beloved companion animals. Tuberculosis in species other than cattle indicates an urgent need for regular tuberculin or other tests on all animal species, especially when animals move, e.g. between zoological gardens or other private animal collections. The implementation of effective tools for the intravital diagnosis of tuberculosis in animal species other than cattle and modern molecular biology methods will enable tracking of transmission and determining the source of infection, which can be used for preventive purposes or to eliminate the disease. Although the authors provide treatment regimens in the article, their own observations suggest that experimental treatment of animals in zoos could have a disastrous impact on public health protection. Mycobacterial infections in cats and dogs are often overlooked in veterinary practice, and tuberculosis in companion animals is often diagnosed postmortem as another comorbid disease. Treatment of dogs with tuberculostatics in households is highly controversial.