Grasslands serve specific purposes in different regions and in various ways, and their ecological and economic importance can vary depending on the specific type of grassland and the region in question. Grasslands can be highly multifunctional on a local-scale and across scales through various interactions of management and site conditions. The present study spans from the northern Arctic region, over central and eastern to the southern Mediterranean parts of Europe. It gives an overview of the diversity of grassland systems, in terms of management types and grassland products, as a starting point to present use cases of specific roles typical for distinct regions. It then discusses roles and adaptation possibilities under the conditions of prospected climate change in chosen regions.